Recent papers by the Regional Laboratory for Toxicology

Note: Staff of the laboratory are in bold. Click here for e-mail addresses.

Last modified: February 17, 2003

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2003

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•  N.J. Langford, R.E. Ferner, U. Martin, A.J. Krentz and S. P. Elliott. 

Severe relapsing sulphonylurea-induced hypoglycaemia: a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge.  

Post Graduate Medical Journal. In Press.

•  B.T. Burnley and S.A. George.

The development and application of a gas chromatography-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) assay to determine the presence of 2-oxo-3-hydroxy-LSD in urine.

J. Anal. Tox. In Press

 2002

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Use of on-site testing for drugs of abuse. 

Clin Chem. 48, 1639-1646

• R. Braithwaite, R.H. Waring, G.B. Steventon and S.C. Mitchell (edits).

Heroin In: molecules of death. 

Imperial College Press, London. pp. 79-102.

• R. Braithwaite.

Ecstasy

 Imperial College Press, London. pp. 161-78.

• C. Meadway, S. George, S. Parmar.

Application of the CEDIA 6-MAM assay to routine drugs of abuse screening. 

J. Anal. Tox. 26: 233-235.

• H. Kalantari, J. Azar and S.P. Elliott.

Study of the mutagenicity of Hypitan and Sankol in human blood cells and comparison with hydrogen peroxide by single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) or “Comet Assay’. 

Drug and Chemical Toxicology 25: (2); 141-148.

• C. Meadway, S.George, R.A. Braithwaite.

Interpretation of GCMS opiate results in the presence of pholcodine.

Forensic Sci. Int. 127: 131-135.

• C. Meadway, S. George, R.A Braithwaite.

A rapid GCMS method for the determination of dihydrocodeine, codeine, norcodeine, morphine, normorphine and 6-MAM in urine. 

Forensic Sci. Int. 127: 136-141.

• S.M. Bradberry, T.M.T. Sheehan, J.A. Vale.

DMPS can reverse severe mercury vapor-induced neurological damage. 

J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. In Press.

• S.M. Bradberry, T.M.T. Sheehan, J.A.Vale.

Lead-containing eczema treatment requiring DMSA chelation. 

J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. In Press.

• S.M. Bradberry, P.B. Casey, R.A. Braithwaite, J.A. Vale. 

Severe cyanide poisoning treated successfully with dicobalt edetate (Kelocyanor).  

J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. In Press.

• Elliott, S.P. 

A case of fatal poisoning with the aconite plant: quantitative analysis in biological fluid. 

Science and Justice.  42: 111-115.

2001

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• Meadway, C and George, S

Urinary opiate profiles - A study of heroin users in the West Midlands, UK. 

Ther. Drug Monit. 23, 490 

• P. Crome, M. Rizeq, S. George, R.A Braithwaite and P.W. Jones.

Drug absorption may be delayed after stroke: results of the paracetamol absorption test.  

Age and Ageing; 30: 391-393.

• D. Harrison and S.P. Elliott. 

A novel case of pimozide poisoning. 

Bulletin of TIAFT, Vol 31, No 2: 11-12.

• S.P. Elliott

Analysis of 4-methylthioamphetamine (4-MTA) in clinical specimens.  

Annals of Clinical Biochemistry, Vol 38: 339-347.

• George, S

The effect of heat inactivation to minimise the risk of HIV infection on the results obtained for therapeutic drug monitoring. 

Ther. Drug Monit. 23, 457 

• S P Elliott

The Presence of Gamma-Hydroxybutyric Acid (GHB) in Postmortem Biological Fluids

J. Analytical Toxicology, 25; 152 - Letter to the Editor

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• P. Matey, MD, K.P.Allison, MD, T.M.T.Sheehan, MSc CChem, and J.P.Gowar, MD

  Chromic Acid Burns: Early Aggressive Excision Is the Best Method to Prevent Systemic Toxicity

  J Burn Care Rehabil 2000; 21: 241-5

• S. George, S. Parmar, C.Meadway, R A Braithwaite,

  Application and validation of a urinary methadone metabolites (EDDP) immunoassay to monitor compliance.

  Ann. Clin. Biochem. 37: 350-354.

• S. George, L. Gill, R.A. Braithwaite

  Simple high-performance liquid chromatographic method of monitor vigabatrin, and preliminary review of concentrations determined in epileptic patients.

  Ann. Clin. Biochem. 37: 338-343.

• H. Alabdullah, D. Bareford, R A Braithwaite 

  Blood lead levels in iron deficient and non-iron deficient adults. 

  The Hematology Journal. I (Suppl. 1) 40 (Abstract).

• D S Cook, R A Braithwaite, K A Hale

Estimating antemortem drug concentrations from postmortem blood samples: the influence of postmortem redistribution.

J Clin Pathol 2000;53:282-285

• S George, RA Braithwaite

Using Amphetamine Isomer ratios to Determine the Compliance of Amphetamine Abusers Prescribed Dexedrine.

J. Analytical Toxicology, 24; 223-227

 

• Elliott, S.P.

Fatal poisoning with a new phenylethylamine: 4-methylthioamphetamine (4-MTA).

J. Analytical Toxicology, 24; 85-89

 

• S.M. Bradberry, T.M.T. Sheehan, J.A. Vale.

DMPS can reverse severe mercury vapour-induced neurological damage.

J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. In Press.

• S.M. Bradberry, T.M.T Sheehan, J.A. Vale.

Lead-containing eczema treatment requiring DMSA chelation.

J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. In Press.

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1999

• Claire Meadway, Shashi Parmar, Steve George

Positively negative - Drug Testing Uncovered

Drug Link November/December 1999

• Robin A. Braithwaite.

The application of drugs of abuse screening on critically ill patients.

Care of the Critically Ill. 15: 180-185.

• S.B.Bradberry, P.B. Casey, R.A. Braithwaite, J.A. Vale.

Severe cyanide poisoning treated successfully with dicobalt edetate (Kelocyanor).

J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. In Press.

• S. P. Elliott and K. A. Hale.

Analysis of etorphine in post-mortem samples by HPLC with U.V. diode-array detection.

Forensic Science International. 101: 9-16.

• S. George and R. A. Braithwaite.

A pilot study to determine the usefulness of the urinary excretion of methadone and its primary metabolite (EDDP) as potential markers of compliance in methadone detoxification programs.

J. Analytical Toxicology, 23: 81-85.

• T. M. T. Sheehan and D. J. Halls.

  Measurement of selenium in clinical samples.

Annal Clinical Biochem., 36: 301-315.

• Elliott, S.P. and Hale, K.A. (1999)

A previously unidentified acepromazine metabolite in man: implications for the measurement if acepromazine in blood.

J. Analytical Toxicology, 23; 367-371

• S. P. Elliott.

  An initial review of analytical findings in cases involving 4-methylthioamphetamine (4-MTA).

Bulletin of the International Association of Forensic Toxicologists XXIX, 7-9.

• S. George. 

  Laboratory Screening for Drugs of Abuse.

CPD Bulletin 1: 85-90.

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• R. A. Braithwaite.

  Pharmacokinetics of psychotropic drugs in the elderly.

• C. V. Christodoulou, D. R. Ferry, D. W. Fyfe, A. Young, J. Doran, T. M. T. Sheehan, A. Eliopoulos, K. Hale, J. Baumgart, G. Sass and D. Kerr 

  Phase I Trial of weekly scheduling and Pharmacokinetics of Titanocene Dichloride in Patients with Advanced Cancer.

• T. M. T. Sheehan

The Toxicology of Selenium

Bulletin of the International Association of Forensic Toxicologists. Vol. XXVIII (3) 1998

• S. Elliott and K. A. Hale.

  Applications of a HPLC-DAD drug screening system based on retention indices and UV spectra.

• C. Meadway, S. George and R. Braithwaite.

  Opiate concentrations following the ingestion of poppy seed products – evidence for "the poppy seed defence".

• C. F. E. Meadway

Poster Display "Opiate concentrations following the ingestion of poppy seed products - evidence for 'the poppy seed defence'".

The British Toxicology Society Annual Congress, 19-22 April 1998.

(Winner of the Gaddie 1998 Annual Prize)

• S George. (1998).

  The Poppy Seed Defence

Syva Drug Monitor 3: 1-3.

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• S. George and R.A. Braithwaite.

  The measurement of morphine in the hair of heroin abusers

• R.A. Braithwaite.

  Antidepressants. In: analytical toxicology for clinical, forensic and pharmaceutical chemists.

• D. Simpson, R.A. Braithwaite, D.R. Jarvie, M.J. Stewart, S. Walker, I.W. Watson, B. Widdop.

Screening for drugs of abuse (II): cannabinoids, Lysergic acid diethylamide, buprenorphine, methadone, barbiturates, benzodiazepines and other drugs.

Ann. Clin. Biochem. 34: 460-510

• S. P. Elliott, K.A. Hale.

Development of a high-performance liquid chromatography retention index scale for toxicological drug screening.

J. Chrom. Biomedical Applications. 694: 99-114.

• M.A. Cox, T.H. Iqbal, B.T. Cooper, K.O. Lewis.  

  An analytical method for the quantitation of mannitol and disaccharides in serum: a potentially useful technique in measuring small intestinal permeability in vivo. Elsevier.

Clinica. Chimica. Acta 263: 197-205.

• P. Gosling, T.M.T. Sheehan and V. Sud.

Case report: chromic acid burns.

Proceedings of ACB National Meeting Focus 97, Birmingham. pp.88.

• S. George

Two methods of enhanced detection of benzodiazepines using behring syva EMIT reagents and a cobas mira. 

Proceedings of ACB National Meeting Focus 97, Birmingham. pp. 65.

• S. George

A simple method to determine the stereoisomer ratios of amphetamine in subjects prescribed dexedrine. 

Proceedings of ACB National Meeting Focus 97, Birmingham.  pp.65.

• E. Plotkin, J. F. McAleer, M. L. Cordeiro, M. R. Ackland, T.M.T. Sheehan and R. A. Braithwaite.

Convenient, rapid test for lead in blood with use of disposable electrodes.

Proceedings of ACB National Meeting Focus 97, Birmingham. pp. 65.

Clinical Chemistry 43: 2187-2189.

• D. J. Ward, K. T. Roberts, J. G. Ayres, S. Walters, S. George and R. A. Braithwaite

Urinary cotinine concentrations, reported household smoking and respiratory symptoms in inner city primary school children.

Thorax 52 (suppl. 6) pp. 40 (abstract).

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1996

• R.A. Braithwaite.  

The investigation of death by poisoning. 

Br. J. Biomed. Sci. 52: 310-311.

• S.M. Bradberry, M.A. Feldman, R.A. Braithwaite, W. Shortland-Webb, J.A. Vale.

Elemental mercury-induced skin granuloma: A case report and review of the literature.

J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. 34: 209-16.

• S. Aldred, T.M.T. Sheehan, R.A. Braithwaite, P. Lumbley and R.M. Browne.

Urinary mercury and its relationship to dental amalgam.   

Human and Experimental.  Tox. 15: 988.

•  S. George and R.A. Braithwaite.

The effect of glutaraldehyde adulteration of urine specimens on Syva EMIT II drugs of abuse assays.

J. Anal. Tox. 20: 195-196.

•  R.A. Braithwaite

LSD.

Syva Drug Monitor. Vol. 2: 1-3.

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1995

• S. George and R.A. Braithwaite.

A preliminary evaluation of five rapid detection kits for on site drugs of abuse screening. 

Addiction. 90: 227-232.

• R.A. Braithwaite, D.R. Jarvie, P.S.B. Minty, D. Simpson and B. Widdop

Screening for drugs of abuse.  In : opiates, amphetamines and cocaine. 

Ann. Clin. Biochem. 32 : 123-153.

• R.A. Braithwaite.

Immunoassays - application to analytical toxicology.  Encyclopedia of Analytical Sciences. 

C.A. Townsend (edit).  Acadmic Press, London.  pp. 2081-2086.

• S. George and R.A. Braithwaite. 

An investigation into the extent of possible dilution of specimens received for urinary drugs of abuse screening. 

Addiction 90: 967-970.

• R. Quinlan, G. Kowalczyk, K. Gardiner, K. Hale, S. Walton and I. Calvert.

Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene: a biomarker for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure in coal liquefaction workers. 

Occup. Med. Vol. 45, No. 2: 63-68.

• R. Quinlan, G. Kowalczyk, K. Gardiner, I.A. Calvert, K. Hale and S.T. Walton.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure in coal liquefaction workers: the value of urinary 1-hydroxypyrene excretion in the development of occupational hygiene control strategies.  

Ann. Occup. Hyg., 39: 329-346.

• R.A. Braithwaite.

The toxicity of tricyclic and newer antidepressants. 

In handbook of clinical neurology vol 21 (65) : intoxication of the nervous system, part II.   F.A. de Wolff editor. 

Elsevier Science B.V. p.p. 311-328.

• S. George, A.J. Wood and R. A. Braithwaite.

Routine therapeutic monitoring of lamotrigine in epileptic patients using a simple and rapid high performance liquid chromatographic technique. 

Ann. Clin. Biochem; 32: 584-588.

•  G.R. Bayly, R.A. Braithwaite, T.M.T. Sheehan, N.H. Dyer, C. Grimley, R.E. Ferner.

Lead poisoning from Asian traditional remedies in The West Midlands - report of a series of five cases. 

Human & Experimental Toxicol.  14: 24-28.

• P. Gosling, H.M. Rothe, T.M.T. Sheehan and L. D. Hubbard.

Serum copper and zinc concentrations in patients with burns in relation to burn surface area. 

J. Burn Care Rehabil. 16: 481-486.

• R.J. Flanagan, R.A. Braithwaite, S.S. Brown, B. Widdop and F.A. de Wolff

Basic Analytical Toxicology, World Health Organisation, Geneva.

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1994

• G.R. Bayly, R. Braithwaite, T.M.T. Sheehan and R.E. Ferner.

Lead poisoning from traditional asian remedies in the West Midlands. 

Human and Experimental Toxicology, 13: 626 (Abstract).

•  S. George, R.A. Braithwaite and E.A. Hughes.

Digoxin measurements following plasma ultrafiltration in two patients with digoxin toxicity treated with specific Fab fragments.

Ann. Clin. Biochem.  31: 380-382.

• M.J. Kendall, F. Spannuth, R.P. Walt, G.J. Gibson, K.A. Hale, R.A. Braithwaite and M.J.S. Langman.

Lack of effect of H2-receptor antagonists on the pharmacokinetics of alcohol consumed after food at lunchtime. 

Br. J. Clin. Pharmac.   37:  371-374.

• S.C. Martin, M. Cowen, K.A. Hale, R.A. Braithwaite and A.H.C. Bignell. 

Post-mortem glycated haemoglobin measurement in forensic toxicology.  

Proceedings of ACB National Meeting (Abstract).

• S. George and R.A. Braithwaite.

Drugs of abuse screening in the West Midlands: a 6 year retrospective survey of results. 

Ann Clin Biochem, 31:   473-478.

• N. Ahmed and K.A. Hale.

A microassay for urinary phenol using capillary gas chromatography and optimised enzymic hydrolysis.  

Clin. Chim. Acta 230:   201-208.

• B.J. Boughton, T.M.T. Sheehan, J. Wood, D. O'Brien, M. Butler, A. Simpson, K.A. Hale.

High performance liquid chromatographic assay of plasma thalidomide : stabilisation of specimens and determination of a tentative therapeutic range for chronic graft-versus-host disease. 

Ann. Clin. Biochem.  32: (1995) 79-83.

• S. Roberts, I. Ashmole, T.M.T. Sheehan, A.H. Davies, and P.H. Gallimore.

Human papillomavirus type 1 E4 protein is a zinc-binding protein. 

Virology, 202: 865-874.

• S.P. Faux, M. Gao, T.C Aw, R.A. Braithwaite and L.S. Levy.

Molecular epidemiological studies in workers exposed to chromium-containing compounds. 

Clinical Chemistry, 40: 1454-1456.

• R.A. Braithwaite. 

Interlaboratory and Intralaboratory Surveys Reference Methods and Reference Materials. 

In: Trace element analysis in biological specimens techniques and instrumentation in analytical chemistry - volume 15.  (R.F.M. Herber and M. Stoeppler edits).  

Elsevier, Amsterdam. pp. 213-232.

• M. Gao, L.S. Levy, S.P. Faux, T.C. Aw, R.A. Braithwaite and S.S. Brown.

Use of molecular epidemiological techniques in a pilot study on workers exposed to chromium. 

Occupational and Environmental Medicine.  51: 663-668.

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